A simple encoder scheme for distributed residual video coding.

Rate-Distortion (RD) performance of Distributed Video Coding (DVC) is considerably less than that of conventional predictive video coding. In order to reduce the performance gap, many methods and techniques have been proposed to improve the coding efficiency of DVC with increased system complexity, especially techniques employed at the encoder such as encoder mode decisions, optimal quantization, hash methods etc., no doubt increase the complexity of the encoder. However, low complexity encoder is a widely desired feature of DVC. In order to improve the coding efficiency while maintaining low complexity encoder, this paper focuses on Distributed Residual Video Coding (DRVC) architecture and proposes a simple encoder scheme. The main contributions of this paper are as follows: 1) propose a bit plane block based method combined with bit plane re-arrangement to improve the dependency between source and Side Information (SI), and meanwhile, to reduce the amount of data to be channel encoded 2) present a simple iterative dead-zone quantizer with 3 levels in order to adjust quantization from coarse to fine. The simulation results show that the proposed scheme outperforms DISCOVER scheme for low to medium motion video sequences in terms of RD performance, and maintains a low complexity encoder at the same time

A low-complexity and efficient encoder rate control solution for distributed residual video coding.

Existing encoder rate control (ERC) solutions have two technical limitations that prevent them from being widely used in real-world applications. One is that encoder side information (ESI) is required to be generated which increases the complexity at the encoder. The other is that rate estimation is performed at bit plane level which incurs computation overheads and latency when many bit planes exist. To achieve a low-complexity encoder, we propose a new ERC solution that combines an efficient encoder block mode decision (EBMD) for the distributed residual video coding (DRVC). The main contributions of this paper are as follows: 1) ESI is not required as our ERC is based on the analysis of the statistical characteristics of the decoder side information (DSI); 2) a simple EBMD is introduced which only employs the values of residual pixels at the encoder to classify blocks into Intra mode, Skip mode, and WZ mode; 3) an ERC solution using pseudo-random sequence scrambling is proposed to estimate rates for all WZ blocks at frame level instead of at bit plane level, i.e., only one rate is estimated; and 4) a quantization-index estimation algorithm (QIEA) is proposed to solve the problem of rate underestimation. The simulation results show that the proposed solution is not only low complex but also efficient in both the block mode decision and the rate estimation. Also, as compared to DISCOVER system and the state-of-the-art ERC solution, our solution demonstrates a competitive rate-distortion(RD)performance. Due to maintain the low-complexity nature of the encoder and have good RD performance, we believe that our ERC solution is promising in practice

The Official Committee of Unsecured Creditors\u27 (A) Objection to the Motion of the Debtor for an Order Establishing Deadlines for Filing Proofs of Claim and Granting Related Relief and (B) Response to LMI\u27s Response to the Motion

The Official Committee of Unsecured Creditors\u27 (A) objection to the motion of the debtor for an order establishing deadlines for filing proofs of claim and granting related relief and (B) response to LMI\u27s response to the motion, filed December 1, 2020

Multi Modality Drug Abuse Treatment Program for High Economic-Status Patients

This study was a pre-post, single group evaluation of a drug-abuse treatment program at a private psychiatric hospital located in the north eastern United States. Subjects consisted of 101 consecutive atypical patient admissions. They were predominantly white male professionals in their late twenties who earned almost $45,000 per year and had about two years of college. The data-base included patient information obtained using: The Addiction Severity Index (ASI), The Brief Psychiatric Rating Scale, The Beck Depression Scale, drug history variables and a natural support systems matrix. Seventy-four of the patients successfully completed the inpatient treatment protocol, 26 did not and 1 died. Subsequently, 51 entered the outpatient program. Telephone followups on the patients were carried out 3.5 months post discharge from the inpatient program; on these interviews the ASI was administered. At these followups 51 subjects were found to be readdicted, 46 were drug free and data for 4 were unobtainable. The relationships of social, psychological and biochemical factors to occurrence and severity of drug use at post-treatment followups were examined. The analytic strategy employed chi square, correlation, hierarchical multiple regression, and residualized change score analyses. The results indicated that the longer a patient remained in treatment the more likely he was to be drug free at followup, especially if the patient entered the outpatient program. Antecedent factors predicting longer length of stay in treatment were (1) strong economic support status and (2) the existence of a supportive conjugal dyad. Two other antecedent factors were directly related to incidence of readdiction and its severity at followup. First, the greater the degree of pre-treatment legal involvement the greater the probability and severity of post-treatment readdiction. Second, the type of pre-induction drug of abuse predicted post-treatment readdiction and severity--methadone being the greatest predictor followed in order by "speedball" (a mixture of heroin and cocaine), heroin and cocaine. Additionally, it was found that the subjects taking psychotropic medication during the inpatient and continuing into outpatient phase of treatment were the most likely to be drug-free at followup, especially for the high psychiatric severity patients

Space programs summary no. 37-45, volume IV FOR the period April 1, 1967 to May 31, 1967. Supporting research and advanced development

Space exploration projects on systems, guidance and control, environmental simulation, space sciences, propulsion, telecommunications, and engineering mechanic

Low Computational Coding-Efficient Distributed Video Coding: Adding a Decision Mode to Limit Channel Coding Load

Distributed video coding (DVC) is based on distributed source coding (DSC) concepts in which video statistics are used partially or completely at the decoder rather than the encoder. The rate-distortion (RD) performance of distributed video codecs substantially lags the conventional predictive video coding. Several techniques and methods are employed in DVC to overcome this performance gap and achieve high coding efficiency while maintaining low encoder computational complexity. However, it is still challenging to achieve coding efficiency and limit the computational complexity of the encoding and decoding process. The deployment of distributed residual video coding (DRVC) improves coding efficiency, but significant enhancements are still required to reduce these gaps. This paper proposes the QUAntized Transform ResIdual Decision (QUATRID) scheme that improves the coding efficiency by deploying the Quantized Transform Decision Mode (QUAM) at the encoder. The proposed QUATRID scheme’s main contribution is a design and integration of a novel QUAM method into DRVC that effectively skips the zero quantized transform (QT) blocks, thus limiting the number of input bit planes to be channel encoded and consequently reducing both the channel encoding and decoding computational complexity. Moreover, an online correlation noise model (CNM) is specifically designed for the QUATRID scheme and implemented at its decoder. This online CNM improves the channel decoding process and contributes to the bit rate reduction. Finally, a methodology for the reconstruction of the residual frame (R^) is developed that utilizes the decision mode information passed by the encoder, decoded quantized bin, and transformed estimated residual frame. The Bjøntegaard delta analysis of experimental results shows that the QUATRID achieves better performance over the DISCOVER by attaining the PSNR between 0.06 dB and 0.32 dB and coding efficiency, which varies from 5.4 to 10.48 percent. In addition to this, results determine that for all types of motion videos, the proposed QUATRID scheme outperforms the DISCOVER in terms of reducing the number of input bit-planes to be channel encoded and the entire encoder’s computational complexity. The number of bit plane reduction exceeds 97%, while the entire Wyner-Ziv encoder and channel coding computational complexity reduce more than nine-fold and 34-fold, respectively